Supplementary material

Summary of parental fish used in fertilization and incubation experiments (Supplementary material Table 1). Statistical tests and results for incubation period in this study (Supplementary material Table 2). Summary of tests carried out in this and our previous studies with different species and their EC/LC values (Supplementary material Table 3). Statistical tests and results for larval measurements in this study (Supplementary material Table 4A). The survival during the entire test period for species in this study (Supplementary material Fig. 1).

Supplementary material Fig. 1: Survival (%) of brackish water whitefish (A) (203 days from the fertilization, n = 36), anadromous sea-migratory whitefish (B) (165 days from the fertilization, n = 36) and freshwater vendace (C) (209 days from the fertilization, n = 36) and whitefish (D) (220 days from the fertilization, n = 36) during the experiment from fertilization to 5-day larvae in different sulfate (SO₄²⁻) concentrations with control treatments (BW = brackish water, RW = R. Kokemäenjoki water, LW = L. Konnevesi water) and their background sulfate concentrations. The significance levels are above the bars: − = P > 0.05, * = P < 0.05, ** = P < 0.01. Vertical lines on bars represent the 95% confidence limits.

Supplementary material Table 1: The wet mass (g, mean ± SD), total length (cm, mean ± SD) and number of parental fish used in fertilization and incubation tests.

Supplementary material Table 2: Summary of statistical test results for fertilization and incubation periods. Tests were made with Kruskall-Wallis H test (K-W).

Supplementary material Table 3: Summary of the sulfate tests carried out in soft waters (RW = River Kokemäenjoki water, LW = Lake Konnevesi water) and in brackish water (BW: Kokkola brackish water). LC10 and LC50 values for sulfate concentrations (mg/L SO₄²⁻) (95% confidences limits in parentheses) (* = published previously in Karjalainen et al. 2023).

Supplementary material Table 4: Summary of statistical test results for larval measurements between the treatments. Tests were made with one-way Anova (Anova) and Kruskall-Wallis H tests (K-W).

© M. Mäkinen et al., Published by EDP Sciences, 2024